Abstract Background In causal analyses. some third factor may distort the relationship between the exposure and the outcome variables under study. which gives spurious results. In this case. https://www.roneverhart.com/HP-Notebook-15-da0008ca-HD-LED-15-6-Touchscreen-Intel-Core-i5-8250U-1-6-GHz-8-GB-RAM-1-TB-SSD-HDMI-USB-Multi-format-S/